Executive Q & A: FSB Principal found Architecture by Design

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Once Rick Johnson figured out he wanted to be an architect, various bents and events over his lifetime all added up. His father liked to tell a story of how Johnson, as a boy, would take things apart and put them back together. Johnson once did that with a toy of his sister’s, which his father couldn’t reassemble, but Johnson could. And then there were the times when he was a teenager living in Maryland and extended family would fly into Washington, D.C., for visits. Johnson always would volunteer to pick them up. Dulles International Airport was brand new, and he fell on every opportunity to check out the building. Ultimately, Johnson, who’s a principal with Frankfurt-Short-Bruza Associates, fortuitously found his career path as a sophomore at the University of Oklahoma.

From his fifth-floor offices at 5801 Broadway Extension, Johnson, 59, sat down with The Oklahoman on Tuesday to talk about his life and career. This is an edited transcript:

Q: Tell us about your roots.
A:
My parents met at dental school at Temple University in Philadelphia. My father joined the U.S. Navy during the Korean War and served 20 years as a dentist. My mother worked as a dental hygienist until she had children; I’m the oldest of four, born over five and half years. I have a sister in Tulsa, a brother who’s a geologist with Sandridge Energy, and another outside Salt Lake City, where he works as a pilot for Delta Airlines.

Q: So you were a Navy brat and lived all over. How was that?
A:
Mainly, we lived on the East and West Coasts. I loved experiencing a lot of different things. Because we moved every two to three years, I learned to be more outgoing and social than I’m sure I’d be otherwise. But I envied my friends who had roots.

Q: What do you remember of your various hometowns during your childhood?
A:
When I was in the sixth grade, in 1966, we lived in Alameda, Calif. I don’t remember much about the counter-culture revolution, but I do remember the climate was great. When I was in the seventh and eighth grade, we lived in Naples, Italy, in an apartment up on a ridge on the bay, with a beautiful view of the active volcano Mount Vesuvius.

We’d take city buses down to the USO where the sailors shot pool, and there was a great hole-in-the-wall pizzeria across the street. I attended one of three American schools in Italy. From ’70 to ’73, we lived in Rockville, Md., where I played offensive and defensive line on the football team, rode my bike everywhere and fished off Virginia Beach.

Q: How did you settle in Oklahoma?
A:
My father, who died of cancer this past August, had a second career as a dental professor at OU. After all that moving around, my mother has lived in the same house in Edmond since 1974. Oklahoma is home to me. I attended a small school in Maryland my freshman year in college, but transferred to OU my sophomore year.

Q: How did you decide upon a career in architecture?
A:
My first semester at OU, my roommate was a construction science major in the architecture college. By the end of that semester, I was helping him with all his projects. It was like a light went off, and I realized I wanted to be an architect.

Q: What was your first professional job?
A
: After graduation, I worked 10 years with Miles Associates, which then was a firm of about 10 and specialized in the building and remodeling of research labs on the health sciences center campus. But I always wanted to work with a large firm, and FSB is where I wanted to be.

I started as a project manager, and made partner in 2005. I’m one of five principals in the third generation of the firm’s ownership. We employ 120, and our firm is unique in that it has its own engineering department.

Q: What are some of FSB’s noteworthy projects, built recently or in design?
A:
The OSU alumni center, the Capitol dome, the Myriad Gardens renovation, the Edmond Safety Center, the renovation of Central High School for the OCU Law School and the Maps 3 exhibit hall at the Oklahoma State Fair Park. Some 45 percent of our projects are outside Oklahoma. Because of our expertise in aviation and strong customer satisfaction levels, we successfully compete with firms nationwide that are as much as 50 times bigger. We’ve got ongoing projects in San Diego and Rhode Island, and four in Connecticut for the National Guard.

Q: Your focus is marketing and client management in the federal market, including aviation and the federal defense department. Tell us about that.
A:
FSB has a long history in the aviation business, starting with American Airlines in the ’50s. For United Airlines, we built eight hangars and supporting shops in Indianapolis, after the city in ’91 won the bid over Oklahoma City for a new maintenance complex. The construction value of that project alone was $530 million.

Our aviation projects grew significantly throughout the ’90s. We’ve built hangars nationwide, including in Alaska and Hawaii. At our own Will Rogers World Airport, we designed a baggage handling project currently under construction, and we’re currently designing an emergency generator terminal.

Secure the perimeter: Designing structures for the worst-case scenarios

How can architects and engineers prevent an intruder from gaining access to an office building and injuring employees? How can they stop a thief from stealing equipment at a laboratory? FSB has a long track record of implementing security measures to protect clients against these and other threats. The firm helps clients identify and mitigate their facilities’ vulnerabilities and worst-case scenarios.

“Security has always been a key consideration for federal and military buildings, but more commercial companies are becoming interested in physical security,” FSB’s Director of Electrical Engineering J.T. Little said. “It’s a growing market – owners want to do everything they can to protect their employees and property.”

From video monitoring systems, to blast protection, to access control, FSB considers the entire facility, and brings the right combination of physical security strategies to every project. The art lies in understanding each tool and applying the appropriate, most cost effective combination of options for every project.

“It’s important to think about the worst-case scenarios to provide the best security recommendations possible,” Little said.

Holistic security requires cross-discipline expertise

Little is one of several at FSB who has developed an expertise within his field in designing secure facilities. A cross-discipline design team facilitates coordination between FSB architects, electrical and structural engineers. This holistic approach to physical security can influence design choices, so embedded security expertise is ideal for clients from a budgetary standpoint as well as aesthetically.

When the entire building is considered in designing for physical security, many design elements and decisions can contribute to a safer environment, Little said.

 “A cross-discipline environment helps us to design these buildings so that any security features blend in and look like they are supposed to be there,” Little said. “We can make people feel like security systems are part of the landscape. We keep employees safe without putting a cage around them.”

Vulnerability assessments make for smarter security strategies

Often, before a security system can be recommended, clients need FSB’s help to identify their vulnerabilities to make sure they are protecting their employees and facilities against the appropriate threats. A high-profile public building might be more likely to encounter a bomb threat or biological attack, while a corporate chemical facility could be a target for break-ins and theft. FSB can conduct vulnerability assessments of both planned and existing structures to determine a building’s security pitfalls based on a range of factors such as current levels of security, crime statistics, weather, geographical location and more.

single-install-with-ada-gateNew technology, same goal

FSB prioritizes continuing education. Architects and engineers who are designing for security must keep up with changing threats as well as technological advancements to bring clients the latest protection.

Now, if needed, clients have the option to equip their facilities with intelligent security systems that can “think” by analyzing video feeds in real time.

For example, FSB can implement video monitoring systems that ignore everything that’s moving away from a building, but detect people or vehicles moving toward it after hours. The firm can incorporate comparative access control systems at an entrance, where an employee’s badge or ID number is compared against an intelligent video feed, and if the photo on file doesn’t match, the person will not be allowed in.

Still, whether the security measure is as simple as a concrete planter or as complex as facial recognition technology, FSB’s priority is that the tool is correctly applied as part of a larger security strategy, designed to address a client’s vulnerabilities.

“Our goal is not to make every project an impenetrable fortress because that’s not cost effective and not always necessary,” Little said. “To give a client a real solution you have to look at what they are trying to do in their facility and give them the infrastructure that they need to do their jobs without being restricted.”

To learn more about security engineering design for your next project, contact J.T. Little, FSB’s Director of Electrical Engineering, at jlittle@fsb-ae.com or 405.840.2931.

YWCA Breaks Ground On Emergency Shelter

Future Thelma Gaylord Emergency Shelterywca-booklet-01

Twenty years ago, Christy Baker was a terrified mother with a small child when someone gave her a phone number to call after her estranged second husband ignored a protective order, broke into her house and hid in a closet with a 6-inch hunting knife.

“It was a very long and intense situation, but I was able to get away after 11½ hours,” Baker said. “I had selected a man who at one point tried to take my life … they later found he had sheets and a shovel in his trunk. When I called the phone number, I didn’t even know who I was calling.”

Fortunately, she had called the YWCA Oklahoma City and they allowed her to stay for nine weeks in the nonprofit’s women’s shelter. Her ex-husband later served nine years in prison.

Baker — now a successful businesswoman with a long background in technology and an adult daughter — said she had felt ashamed, tried to hide her pain and blamed herself until she learned at the shelter that she wasn’t alone. And that’s one of many reasons she decided more than three years ago to become a member of the board of directors of the YWCA Oklahoma City.

“I know they saved my life,” she said Wednesday afternoon, shortly after arriving to attend the YWCA Oklahoma City’s groundbreaking celebration for the future Thelma Gaylord Emergency Shelter in Oklahoma City. “Coming here really did start my journey and now we’re building a new shelter.”

Before a large bulldozer began scooping up the parking lot in Oklahoma City where the future Thelma Gaylord Emergency Shelter is now being built, the YWCA Oklahoma City celebrated the groundbreaking event. The Harding Charter School Prep Band (which raised $10,000 for the new shelter) played holiday music, Santa mingled and the OKC Thunder’s mascot, Rumble the Bison — as well as a host of Oklahoma dignitaries including Oklahoma City Mayor Mick Cornett — joined in the event.

After the Rev. Canon Susan Joplin from St. Paul’s Cathedral gave a heartfelt invocation, YWCA Oklahoma City CEO Janet L. Peery donned a white hard hat, thanked Cornett for ordering such beautiful weather and thanked the many donors who raised $15 million in less than two years, including YWCA Capital Campaign Chairs Kris Frankfurt, David Hudiburg, Rita Moore, Charlotte Richels, Lela Sullivan and Tricia Everest.

“They are amazing and they made this campaign happen. Because of their efforts, we will be able to serve many more women and children.”

Peery thanked the Gaylord family and announced the official name of the emergency shelter — the “Thelma Gaylord Emergency Shelter” — to applause.

Designed by Frankfurt-Short-Bruza Associates, the state-of-the-art secure housing facility will have between 100 to 150 beds, create a warm and inviting atmosphere and will be 27,000 square feet. After the women staying in the current YWCA shelter are moved into the new emergency shelter in about a year, phase II of the project will repurpose the building into transitional housing for women and children who need more time to stay in a safe and secure environment.

For more information about the Oklahoma City YWCA and their services, visit: YWCA Oklahoma City

Putting out fires: Engineering fire protection systems for aircraft hangars

When an aircraft hangar catches fire things begin happening very quickly. Heat or flame sensors are triggered, the building is evacuated, and within seconds, many thousands of gallons of fire-fighting foam spreads throughout the structure to extinguish the flames. Designing systems capable of moving this amount of foam everywhere it needs to be across structures wider than the length of a football field is no small feat of engineering. FSB Senior Fire Protection Engineer Liane Ozmun said the first priority is always the safety of anyone inside, followed by protecting the hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of aviation equipment typically housed within.

Photo of FSB Fire Protection Engineer Liane Ozmun.“The hangar may be worth $50 million, but the plane inside might be worth many times more than that,” Ozmun said. “Owners would prefer we do not spray water or foam into the open cockpits and compartments of these expensive aircraft.”

Clients appreciate the expertise Ozmun has developed in her more than 40 years at FSB — she has designed, modified and studied the fire protection systems for more than 100 hangars in that time, making her one of the nation’s foremost experts in her field. Beyond her design experience, Ozmun has played a major role in shaping the industry regionally and nationwide. For the past five years she has been a part of a national committee for the National Fire Protection Association, a group that helps set educational and professional codes and standards. She was also instrumental in the founding of the Oklahoma Chapter of the Society of Fire Protection Engineers.

Ozmun’s experience and involvement within her industry benefits her clients. Whether the task calls for familiarity with detailed design criteria set by a United States Department of Defense agency, or an outside-of the-box solution for a major aircraft manufacturer like Airbus, Ozmun’s expertise and understanding of constantly changing design standards and requirements regularly saves FSB clients time and money.

A high expansion foam system to save the maintenance hangar, but spare the C-5
The Tennessee Air National Guard needed a maintenance hangar and fire protection for the largest plane in the Air Force. The C-5 is a transport aircraft big enough to move tanks, troops or helicopters. Hangars for large aircraft like the C-5 can be particularly challenging because their wings are so massive that they prevent large portions of the floor from being reached by the fire-suppressing high expansion foam distributed from overhead, especially when surrounded by massive work platforms. In fact, a fire protection system for this type of maintenance hangar had never worked fast enough to satisfy the requirements to cover 90 percent of the floor in under 60 seconds.

“The hangar was so big that the foam needed to travel a long way through the piping system before it was released into the aircraft bay,” Ozmun said.

Interior photo of the Tennessee Air National Guard's C-5 Aircraft Hangar in Memphis.To move the foam as quickly as possible, FSB worked with the contractor, who positioned the pipe diagonally across the hangar, the shortest possible distance. The fire protection system utilized high expansion foam which, once released, would swell horizontally beneath the plane, its wings and the maintenance platforms. Even the building materials were selected with fire protection in mind — Ozmun worked with the architect to select a very smooth concrete flooring within the hangar to help the high expansion foam move with less resistance across the floor.

When tested, the fire protection system worked exactly as designed, filling the entire space with an expanding, fire suppressant foam faster than in any hangar of its kind. Ideally, the Air National Guard won’t need to use the system to extinguish a fire, Ozmun said. But, should an accident happen the hangar is equipped to save lives, and in this case, save a C-5 transport aircraft worth hundreds of millions of taxpayer dollars.

“Monsoons” in Indianapolis
In the world of fire protection systems, all aircraft hangars are considered large-scale specialized engineering projects. The United Airlines Indianapolis Maintenance Center is in a class of its own, however. The site consists of seven separate hangars, totaling 1.7 million square feet.

“You can probably see it from outer space,” Ozmun said. “When we began the project, it was wheat field. There was no infrastructure.”

Ozmun said this “green field” site allowed the team to take a blank sheet of paper to sit down with the code authorities and insurance companies and start from scratch to design the ideal system for United Airlines. The sheer scale of the complex created an opportunity for some efficiencies in the fire protection system. The seven hangar structures shared one central water and foam supply, with tanks that stored two million gallons of water connected to each hangar via a 30” distribution loop. Each hangar was equipped with heat sensors that, when tripped, would signal the central supply to send foam to the affected hangar. Fire walls were constructed between some of the hangars to contain the fire and allow personnel from surrounding structures enough time to evacuate.

“We went with a low expansion foam deluge system, which means that all the foam is released at once,” Ozmun said. “It looks like the worst monsoon you’ve ever seen.”

It’s unusual for an architecture and engineering firm to have a strong fire protection team in-house. FSB has always considered fire protection systems an integral part of its hangar design capabilities, and with experience on more than 100 hangars, Ozmun and FSB’s other fire protection engineers have quite a bit of practice.

“During a test, nothing beats watching a full foam discharge fall in exactly the way we calculated,” Ozmun said. “I get excited about this work every day of the week.”

Interested in learning more from the hangar fire protection experts, contact Laure Majors at busdev@fsb-ae.com or call her direct at 405.840.2931.

American Addition: The new hangar will be used to upgrade the airline’s jets

Construction has been completed on American Airlines’ new $9.8 million, 81,400-square-foot, widebody aircraft hangar at Tulsa International Airport.

hangar1
Construction has been finished on a new American Airlines hangar (officially called Hangar 80) at Tulsa International Airport. MIKE SIMONS/Tulsa World

During the next few weeks, American Airlines workers will be moving equipment and tooling into the facility while contractors finish interior offices, break rooms and bathrooms. Mechanics are expected to begin maintaining, repairing and overhauling airplanes in the fabric-covered hangar in November, American executives said.

“We’re going to have two (Boeing) 757 MAUI lines in the new hangar by the end of the year,” said Carmine Romano, American’s senior vice president of maintenance and engineering.

“It gives us two bays for widebodies that we would not otherwise be able to do in Tulsa and (facilities for) close to 200 people, including production supervisors.”

American’s MAUI — Mid-life Avionics Upgrade Initiative — on its 124-aircraft 757 fleet should occupy the new hangar through 2011, Romano said. American mechanics in the MAUI program are overhauling the 757’s computers, flight control systems, cockpit liquid crystal display monitors and flight recorders to increase system capacity and capabilities. Hangar No. 80, as American’s new facility has been named by the Tulsa Airport Authority, is 370 feet long, 220 feet wide, with a ceiling height of 70 feet. Its door opening is 190 feet wide by 66 feet high.

The hangar is the first constructed in the airport’s North Development Area, which is connected to American’s main facilities by a series of taxiways. The hangar is a clear-span structure with no interior supporting columns, allowing efficient use of space. Its white translucent roof sheds much of the heat of the sun but admits so much light on sunny days that electrical lighting won’t be needed in many areas.

Manufactured by Rubb Inc., Sanford, Maine, a U.S. subsidiary of the Rubb Group of Bergen, Norway, the building is constructed of a galvanized steel frame. The frame is covered by a woven polyester fabric coated with polyvinyl chloride, which imparts strength and waterproofing to the fabric. From a distance, Hangar 80 appears to be constructed of sandstone-colored adobe. Up close, the walls of the hangar look like stiff, rugged burlap.

“The Rubb hangar is typically 40 percent less expensive to build than a conventional pre-engineered steel, aluminum, wood or fiberglass hangar”, said Gordon Collins, director of marketing for Rubb Inc.

“The (steel) structure will last 40 to 50 years with little or no maintenance,” Collins said. “The (polyester fabric) membrane is expected to last 20 to 25 years with no maintenance, either. At the end of the life of the membrane, you simply replace it. The cost of replacing the membrane is 20 percent of the purchase price of the original building installed.”

Another feature of Hangar 80 is it is relocatable. The steel framing and fabric membrane were transported from Maine to Tulsa on flatbed trucks. “There will be significant (cost) savings with our building,” Collins said.

Coming up with the cash
Conserving cash and reducing costs have been a mantra at American Airlines since its near-bankruptcy in 2003. But by 2006, American executives could see the company’s aircraft maintenance organization was headed for a wall. At American’s 3.3-million-square-foot Tulsa Maintenance & Engineering Center as well as maintenance bases in Fort Worth and Kansas City, hangar space was disappearing faster than airline meals.

Besides maintaining its own fleet, American had begun to solicit third-party aircraft maintenance, further constraining its hangar capabilities, particularly for widebody jets.

“We needed another widebody facility,” Romano said.

It was a stark choice: build a widebody hangar in Tulsa, or risk losing the work and jobs to another city, said leaders at American and Transport Workers Union Local 514. But with the airline industry still in a post-9/11 financial dive, American couldn’t afford to invest in buildings it couldn’t own. All of the facilities at the M&E Center are owned by the City of Tulsa and leased to AMR Corp., American’s parent.

“We went to the city and asked for help for our widebody fleet,” said Kevin Crosser, an American mechanic and an executive board officer at Local 514. “The city stepped up. The voters and the community wanted to make sure American Airlines stayed in Tulsa and that the jobs stayed in the community.”

With the passage of the third-penny sales tax extension in May 2006, Tulsa voters approved $463.4 million for capital improvements, including $4.3 million in infrastructure at Tulsa International Airport. A year later, Gov. Brad Henry tapped the state’s Opportunity Fund, an economic development account, for $10 million to help preserve aerospace jobs in Tulsa. Mayor Kathy Taylor paired $4.3 million from the third-penny sales tax with $5.7 million from the Opportunity Fund to build American a new widebody hangar.

“This is the next step in further solidifying Tulsa’s leadership in the aerospace industry,” Taylor said in announcing the city-state funding partnership in May 2007.

“Our investment in jobs and our investment in education will ensure a bright future for Tulsa.”

The remaining $4.3 million from the state Opportunity Fund was spent to remediate Building 119, which had been contaminated with hazardous chemicals, for Spirit AeroSystems Inc. The cleanup at Building 119 has given Spirit additional space and created more jobs in its government and commercial aircraft component manufacturing programs, company executives said. American and city officials were aware $10 million wouldn’t go far in constructing conventional aircraft hangars. And American’s 330 acres at Tulsa International didn’t have room for a widebody hangar. But to the west, beyond the airport’s 10,000-foot north-south runway, was a couple hundred acres of bare land in the North Development Area connected to the M&E Center by taxiways.

In conversations with city and state officials, Romano praised the three-sided fabric hangar built by Rubb Inc. at the M&E base a decade ago.

“The same company built a hangar on the west side that we use for engine changes,” Romano said. “It’s worked out well for us.”

Early reviews by American executives are that the new hangar will be as efficient and cost-effective as the first Rubb hangar.

“We have two years of chock-to-block-full facilities for aircraft maintenance and modifications,” Romano said.

American Airlines’ Tulsa Maintenance & Engineering Center
Established: 1946
Area: 330 acres; 3.3 million square feet of hangar, shop and office space.
Employment: 6,600 aircraft mechanics and related work groups
Hangars: 135,000 square feet each in Hangars 1, 2, 3 and 4; Hangar 5: 215,000 square feet; Hangar 6: 341,000 square feet; 240,000 square feet of shop space between Hangars 1 and 2 and between Hangars 3 and 4; relocatable hangar: 81,400 square feet
Capabilities: airframe repair, overhaul and modification; maintenance and repair of landing gear, wheel, brakes; maintenance of General Electric, Pratt & Whitney and CFm engines; avionics overhauls; composite repairs and parts manufacturing
Estimated 2009 purchases from local vendors and suppliers: $74 million
2009 maintenance budget: $2.2 billion.
Source: Amr Corp., American Airlines

American Airlines’ Hangar 80
Size: 81,400 square feet.
Site: 8.5 acres, North Development Area, Tulsa International Airport.
Dimensions: 370 feet long, 220 feet wide, 74.5 feet high; door opening: 190 feet wide, 66 feet high.
Under roof maintenance capabilities: one Boeing 767, one Boeing 737; two 737s; two Boeing 757s; or two Boeing MD-80s.
Work force: 200 mechanics, technicians, cleaners and production supervisors.
General contractor: The Ross Group, 333 W. Fourth St.
Building materials supplier: Rubb Inc., Sanford, Maine.
Owner/lessor: Tulsa Industrial Authority.
Source: AMR Corp., American Airlines; Tulsa Airport Authority.

FSB and HOK Design Expanded Terminal at Will Rogers World Airport

In partnership with HOK, Oklahoma–based Frankfurt-Short-Bruza Associates (FSB) has released renderings of an expanded terminal at Will Rogers World Airport in Oklahoma.

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The schematic design was recently approved by Oklahoma City Airport Trust and hopes to increase the terminal’s capacity. As of now, the airport has only one gate that is available to lease, which leaves little room for additional airlines. Having only one leasable gate is also preventing current carriers from increasing their capacity.

“The design will enable the airport to attract new airlines and reintroduce international travel, expanding its destinations and placing Oklahoma City on the map of the world’s top airports” said Will Jenkinson, vice president and regional leader of HOK’s Aviation + Transportation practice.

The project will introduce additional retail outlets, dining amenities, high-tech upgrades, new baggage claim seating, four new gates, and space for six more gates and future international air service. An improved and expanded security checkpoint will be added to adhere to new Transportation Security Administration modes of operation.  A new public observation gallery and suspended deck will also provide lounge space with concourse views. Newly added skylights and larger windows will provide more natural light throughout the concourse, where public art installations will be prominently featured.